Sabtu, 30 Oktober 2010

Botol Bir Termahal di Dunia ! :beer:


Sebuah restoran di London telah mengeluarkan sebuah botol dan diyakini di dunia bir sebagai yang paling mahal, dengan biaya £ 700 per botol.

The 12-liter botol of Vieille Bon Secours telah disimpan selama 10 tahun terakhir dan memiliki volume alkohol 8 persen.

Bir ini memiliki rasa yang kompleks dengan sitrat, karamel dan rasa toffee dengan akar manis dan adas manis.

Hanya beberapa bar dan restoran lain yang diyakini memiliki stok bir, yang juga dapat dibeli secara online dan tersedia dalam warna pirang, kuning dan gelap.

"Setiap ada yang unik dan menyegarkan rasa asam sitrat bercampur dengan aprikot-suka dan mabuk fruitiness untuk permen karamel diimbangi dengan rasa yang berbeda-kepahitan Hoppy dengan nada pedas dari akar manis dan adas manis.
"Ini minuman yang sangat istimewa untuk kesempatan istimewa."

Muir Picken, eksekutif koki dari restoran Belgo yang saat ini memiliki satu botol bir yang tersisa dalam ruang bawah tanah, berkata: "Pada 12 liter itu cukup berat - yang diperlukan dua orang hanya untuk menuangnya.

Sekarang Muir menghadapi dilema memberikan botol itu atau menjualnya.

Dia menambahkan: "Kami telah menjual tiga botol di masa lalu - tapi kami punya satu yang belum dibuka di ruang bawah tanah untuk beberapa waktu dan aku tidak yakin apa yang harus dilakukan dengan hal itu. “

"I don't know whether to sell it or give it away to some of our locals and let some beer connoisseurs try it as well." "Saya tidak tahu apakah akan menjualnya atau memberikannya dan membiarkan para pecinta bir mencobanya."

Berikutnya bir paling mahal adalah Samuel Adam's Utopia yang diseduh oleh Boston Beer Company, Amerika Serikat, dan menjual seharga £ 60 per botol.
Seorang Pria Menangkap Ikan Piranha Raksasa
Friday, October 29 2010

Seorang pria bernama Jeremy Wade yang terkenal di acara televisi River Monster di Animal Planet, menangkap seekor ikan piranha seberat 45 Kg.

Ikan piranha ini ditangkap pada saat Jeremy sedang suting untuk acara televisinya di sungai Congo, Afrika. Dia mati-matian untuk menangkap iklan ini, dan akhirnya ikan piranha raksasa ini takluk di tangan Jeremy Wade.

Sebelumnya sering ditemukan ikan piranha besar di sungai Congo, namun tidak pernah sebesar ikan piranha raksasa yang ditangkap Jeremy ini. Jeremy juga pernah menemukan ikan piranha yang memakan ikan piranha lainnya, ikan piranha yang memakan buaya, bahkan ikan piranha yang memakan manusia. Mungkin karena populasi ikan piranha yang banyak dan karakter ikan piranha yang karnivora dan agresif membuat ukuran ikan piranha di sungai Congo tumbuh lebih besar dari pada ikan piranha di tempat-tempat lainnya.

Lihat video Jeremy Wade pada saat memancing dan menangkap ikan piranha raksasa di bawah ini

ikan piranha raksasa besar dengan berat 45 kg

ikan piranha raksasa besar dengan berat 45 kg

ikan piranha raksasa besar dengan berat 45 kg




Read more: http://www.creativebrain.web.id/media.php?action=readnews&id=172&title=Seorang%20Pria%20Menangkap%20Ikan%20Piranha%20Raksasa#ixzz13qefsMSs

Jumat, 29 Oktober 2010

JANGAN BUKA BLOG INI KALO LOE MUKANYA JELEK!!!!!!

INI BBLOGNYA ANAK ANAK KEREN AJA, YG BUKAN ANAK- ANAK PERGI AJA!!!
http://cdn.mashable.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/blog1.jpg

musim tahun ini

Tahun tanpa musim panas
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Perkembangan rata-rata temperatur global dalam 1000 tahun terakhir. Suatu penurunan yang signifikan tak lama setelah tahun 1800 tampak jelas dalam sebagian besar rekonstruksi yang terjadi pada waktu yang bersamaan.

Tahun tanpa musim panas, juga dikenal sebagai Tahun Kemiskinan dan Seribu delapan ratus dan membeku hingga mati, terjadi pada 1816, ketika penyimpangan iklim musim panas menghancurkan panen di Eropa Utara, Amerika timur laut dan Kanada timur [1][2].

Kini orang umumnya menduga bahwa penyimpangan itu terjadi karena ledakan vulkanik Gunung Tambora pada tanggal 5 April–15 April 1815. Gunung ini terletak di Pulau Sumbawa di Hindia Belanda (kini Indonesia) yang melontarkan lebih dari satu setengah juta ton – atau 400 km³ [3] – debu ke lapisan atas atmosfer. Seperti umumnya diketahui, setelah sebuah letusan gunung berapi yang dahsyat, temperatur di seluruh dunia menurun karena berkurangnya cahaya matahari yang bersinar melalui atmosfer.
Daftar isi
[sembunyikan]

* 1 Akibat letusan
* 2 Dampaknya
o 2.1 Dampak budaya
* 3 Teori sebab-akibat
* 4 Tahun-tahun dingin lainnya
* 5 Rujukan
* 6 Pranala luar

[sunting] Akibat letusan

Penyimpangan iklim yang luar biasa pada 1816 menimbulkan pengaruh yang sangat hebat di Amerika timur laut, Kanada Maritim dan Eropa utara. Biasanya, pada akhir musim semi dan musim panas di Amerika timur laut cuacanya relatif stabil: temperatur rata-rata sekitar 20–25°C, dan jarang sekali turun hingga di bawah 5 °C. Salju musim panas sangat jarang terjadi, meskipun kadang-kadang turun pada bulan Mei.

Namun pada Mei 1816 frost (pembekuan) mematikan sebagian besar tanaman yang telah ditanam, dan pada bulan Juni dua badai salju mengakibatkan banyak orang yang meninggal. Pada Juli dan Agustus, danau dan sungai yang membeku dengan es terjadi hingga di Pennsylvania yang jauh di selatan. Perubahan temperatur yang cepat dan dramatis lazim terjadi, dengan temperatur yang bergeser dari yang normal dan di atas normal pada musim panas, yaitu 35 °C hingga hampir membeku hanya dalam beberapa jam saja. Meskipun para petani di selatan New England berhasil menuai panen yang masak, harga jagung dan biji-bijian lainnya meningkat secara dramatis. Harga haver, misalnya, meningkat dari 12 sen dolar sekarungnya (ukuran 35 1/4 liter) pada tahun sebelumnya menjadi 92 sen dolar Amerika.
[sunting] Dampaknya

Banyak sejarahwan yang menyebutkan tahun tanpa musim panas ini sebagai motivasi utama untuk terbentuknya dengan segera pemukiman yang kini disebut sebagai Barat Tengah Amerika. Banyak penduduk New England yang tewas karena tahun itu, dan puluhan ribu lainnya berusaha mencari tanah yang lebih subur dan kondisi-kondisi pertanianyang lebih baik di Barat Tengah Hulu (saat itu merupakan Wilayah Barat Laut) . (Sebuah contoh spesifik tentang hal ini adalah ketika keluarga Joseph Smith yang kemudian menjadi pendiri Gereja Yesus Kristus dari Orang-orang Suci Zaman Akhir pindah dari Sharon, Vermont ke Palmyra, New York di negara bagian New York yang jauh di barat setelah beberapa kali panen yang gagal.) Sementara hasil panen memang buruk selama beberapa tahun, pukulan yang terakhir terjadi pada 1815 dengan letusan Tambora.

Letusan Tambora ini juga menyebabkan Hongaria mengalami turunnya salju kecoklatan. Italia juga mengalami hal yang serupa, dengan mengalami turunnya salju kemerah yang terjadi di sepanjang tahun tersebut. Hal ini diyakini disebabkan oleh debu vulkanik di atmosfer.

Eropa, yang masih memulihkan diri dari Perang Napoleon, menderita karena kekurangan pangan. Kerusuhan-kerusuhan karena perebutan pangan yang terjadi di Britania Raya dan Prancis dan gudang-gudang gandum dijarah. Kekerasan yang paling parah terjadi di Swiss yang tidak mempunyai pelabuhan; di sana kelaparan menyebabkan pemerintah mengumumkan keadaan darurat nasional.

Badai yang hebat, curah hujan yang tidak normal, dan banjir di sungai-sungai utama Eropa (termasuk Sungai Rhein dihubungkan dengan peristiwa ini. Demikian pula dengan frost yang terjadi pada Agustus 1816.
[sunting] Dampak budaya
Senja di Hong Kong sekitar 1992 setelah ltusan Gunung Pinatubo.

Karena tidak ada makanan Karl Freiherr von Drais menemukan ilham untuk meneliti cara-cara baru untuk berkendaraan tanpa kuda yang menyebabkan ia menemukan velocipede dan Draisine, yang merupakan nenek moyang dari sepeda modern.

Pada Juli 1816 "hujan yang tak henti-henti" pada "musim panas yang basah dan tidak bersahabat" memaksa Mary Shelley, John William Polidori dan teman-teman mereka tetap diam di dalam rumah selama liburan mereka di Swiss, sehingga Shelley menulis Frankenstein, atau Prometheus Modern dan Polidori menulis The Vampyre. Jumlah debu yang sangat tinggi di atmosfer menyebabkan senja yang sangat luar biasa spektakuler pada periode ini, sebuah suasana yang menjadi terkenal dalam lukisan-lukisan J.M.W. Turner. (Sebuah fenomena serupa dicatat setelah letusan Krakatau pada 1883, dan di pantai barat Amerika Serikat setelah letusan Gunung Pinatubo pada 1991 di Filipina.)

Sebuah film dokumenter BBC yang menggunakan angka-angka yang dikumpulkan di Swiss memperkirakan bahwa tingkat kematian pada 1816 itu dua kali lipat daripada rata-rata tahun yang lain, dan memberikan angka kematian seluruhnya berjumlah 200.000 orang.
[sunting] Teori sebab-akibat

Pada saat itu, tak seorangpun tahu apa yang menyebabkan kondisi-kondisi yang menyimpang pada 1816. Salah satu kambing hitamnya adalah Benjamin Franklin, yang eksperimen-eksperimennya dengan kilat dan listrik konon telah menimbulkan perubahan cuaca. Belakangan, orang menunjuk pada aktivitas bercak matahari, atau sekadar pada kebetulan belaka sebagai kemungkinan penyebabnya.

Adalah ahli iklim Amerika, William Humphreys, yang pertama kali mengemukakan pendapatnya pada 1920 bahwa tahun tanpa musim panas itu kemungkinan telah disebabkan oleh aktivitas vulkanik. Penjelasannya diilhami sebagian oleh risalat yang ditulis oleh tak lain daripada Benjamin Franklin. Franklin mempersalahkan musim panas yang dingin pada 1783 itu pada debu vulkanik yang berasal dari letusan Laki di Islandia.

Selasa, 13 Juli 2010

Muse (grup musik)
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Untuk kegunaan lain dari Muse, lihat Muse (disambiguasi).
Muse logo.png
Muse.jpg
Latar belakang
Asal Teignmouth, Devon, England
Genre Rock alternatif
Rock progresif
Tahun aktif 1994 – sekarang
Perusahaan rekaman Warner Bros. Records
Eastwest Records
Atlantic Records
Helium 3
Situs web MUSE.mu
Anggota
Matthew Bellamy
Chris Wolstenholme
Dominic Howard

Muse adalah grup musik rock alternatif asal Inggris. Band ini dibentuk di Devon pada tahun 1994. Anggota band ini terdiri dari tiga orang, yaitu Matthew Bellamy (vokalis, gitaris, pianis), Dominic Howard (drummer), dan Chris Wolstenholme (bassis). Muse memiliki genre musik yang memadukan rock, rock progresif, musik klasik, dan elektronika. Muse juga dikenal dengan konser live yang memukau, bercirikan permainan yang energik dan efek visual yang mengagumkan.[1] Muse telah merilis empat album rekaman, dimulai dengan Showbiz pada tahun 1999, diikuti Origin of Symmetry di tahun 2001, Absolution di tahun 2003, Black Holes & Revelations di tahun 2006 dan album terbarunya The Resistance di tahun 2009. Sepanjang kariernya, Muse telah memenangkan berbagai penghargaan termasuk 5 MTV Europe Music Awards, 5 Q Awards, 4 NME Awards dan 2 Brit Awards.
Daftar isi
[sembunyikan]

* 1 Sejarah
o 1.1 Pembentukan (1992-1997)
o 1.2 E.P. dan Showbiz (1998-2000)
o 1.3 Origin of Symmetry dan Hullabaloo Soundtrack (2001-2002)
* 2 Personil band
o 2.1 Personil tambahan
* 3 Diskografi
* 4 Penghargaan
* 5 Rujukan
* 6 Pranala luar

[sunting] Sejarah
[sunting] Pembentukan (1992-1997)

Pada tahun 1990-an awal, anggota-anggota Muse memiliki grup musik masing-masing di sekolah mereka. Pembentukan MUSE berawal ketika Matthew Bellamy yang berumur 14 tahun berhasil lulus audisi untuk masuk grup Dominic Howard. Ketika bassis mereka memutuskan untuk keluar, mereka meminta teman baik mereka, Chris Wolstenholme, untuk bergabung dan mempelajari gitar bass. Chris sempat menolak, tapi akhirnya memutuskan untuk bergabung. Band baru ini sempat banyak berganti nama, antara lain 'Gothic Plague', 'Carnage Mayhem', 'Fixed Penalty', dan 'Rocket Baby Dolls', sampai akhirnya menggunakan nama Muse yang dikenal sekarang. Urutan kronologis pergantian nama band ini tidak jelas, karena Muse memberikan informasi yang tidak konsisten pada wawancara-wawancara mereka.

Pada tahun 1994, masih dengan nama band 'Rocket Baby Dolls', mereka memenangkan kompetisi Battle of the Bands lokal.[2][3] Dan tak lama setelah ini, mereka mengganti nama menjadi Muse, berpindah dari Teignmouth dan mulai tampil di beberapa klub seperti Cavern di Exeter.[4]
[sunting] E.P. dan Showbiz (1998-2000)

Setelah beberapa tahun membangun komunitas penggemar, Muse memainkan konser-konser pertama mereka di London dan Manchester. Band ini lalu bertemu dengan Dennis Smith, pemilik perusahaan rekaman Sawmills, yang bermarkas di Cornwall, Inggris.

Pertemuan ini akhirnya dilanjutkan dengan rekaman resmi pertama Muse, yaitu E.P. self-titled (berjudulkan nama band) yang menggunakan label Sawmills, Dangerous.[2] Lalu E.P. ke-2 mereka, Muscle Museum, meraih peringkat ke-3 pada tangga lagu indie dan mendapat perhatian dari jurnalis musik Inggris yang berpengaruh, Steve Lamacq, serta majalah musik mingguan Inggris, NME. Dennis Mills lalu membantu membangun perusahaan musik Taste Media, yang dibuat khusus untuk Muse (Muse menggunakan label ini untuk 3 album pertama mereka). Ini merupakan hal yang sangat menguntungkan untuk Muse karena mereka dapat mempertahankan keunikan musik mereka pada awal karier mereka.

Walaupun E.P. ke-2 mereka cukup sukses, banyak perusahaan rekaman Inggris tetap enggan mendukung Muse, dan banyak orang di industri musik menganggap musik Muse terlalu mirip dengan Radiohead sebagaimana halnya band-band baru asal Inggris lain saat itu. Namun, perusahaan Amerika Serikat Maverick Records mempromosikan Muse untuk tampil beberapa kali di Amerika Serikat hingga akhirnya mengontrak mereka pada tanggal 24 Desember 1998.[5] Sepulangnya dari Amerika, Taste Media mendapatkan kontrak untuk Muse di perusahaan-perusahaan rekaman di Eropa dan Australia. John Leckie, yang menjadi produser album untuk Radiohead, Stone Roses, "Weird Al" Yankovic dan The Verve, dijadikan produser album pertama Muse, Showbiz.[2][3]

Peluncuran album ini diikuti dengan penampilan pendukung pada tur band Foo Fighters dan Red Hot Chili Peppers di Amerika Serikat. Pada tahun 1999 dan 2000, Muse bermain pada beberapa festival musik di Eropa dan Australia, dan mengumpulkan banyak penggemar baru di Eropa Barat.
[sunting] Origin of Symmetry dan Hullabaloo Soundtrack (2001-2002)

Album ke-2 mereka, Origin of Symmetry, dengan John Leckie sebagai produser, berisikan musik yang lebih berat dan gelap, dengan suara bass yang dalam dan terdistorsi. Muse bereksperimen dengan alat-alat musik yang tidak biasa digunakan, seperti organ gereja, Mellotron, dan peralatan drum tambahan. Muse lebih banyak mengandalkan suara tinggi Bellamy, dengan alunan arpeggio gitar dan permainan piano yang terdengar jelas, yang terinspirasi dari gerakan Romantisme khususnya musikus Rusia Sergei Rachmaninoff dan Tchaikovsky. Beberapa lagu seperti "Space Dementia" memiliki unsur klasik yang lebih kental oleh musik Rachmaninoff. Bellamy juga menyatakan adanya pengaruh dari gitaris ternama Jimi Hendrix dan Tom Morello (gitaris Rage Against The Machine dan Audioslave) dalam melodi gitar pada beberapa lagu terakhir dalam album ini.[6] Terdapat pula daur ulang dari lagu "Feeling Good", yang aslinya dibuat oleh Anthony Newley dan Leslie Bricusse dan dipopulerkan oleh Nina Simone.

Origin of Symmetry memperoleh penilaian yang beragam dari berbagai kritikus musik. Dean Carlson dari Allmusic menilai permainan Muse terlalu menyerupai Radiohead, dan menganggap lagu-lagu mereka terlalu berlebihan dan sulit diterima."[7] Sebaliknya, Roger Morton dari NME memberikan nilai 9/10 untuk album ini, mengomentari sisi yang gelap dan berani dari Muse, bahkan menilai bahwa Bellamy lebih 'gila' dari Thom Yorke, vokalis Radiohead.[8] Album ini berpotensi untuk membuat Muse semakin terkenal di Amerika Serikat, tapi Maverick tidak setuju dengan gaya vokal Bellamy yang dianggap tidak cocok untuk penyiaran radio dan meminta MUSE untuk mengubah beberapa lagu mereka sebelum dirilis di Amerika Serikat. Muse menolak permintaan ini dan meninggalkan perusahaan rekaman Maverick, yang mengakibatkan tidak dirilisnya album Origin of Symmetry ini di Amerika (album ini akhirnya dirilis di daerah tersebut pada 20 September 2005, setelah Muse menjalin kontrak dengan Warner).

Penampilan Muse selama promosi album Origin of Symmetry berhasil menarik banyak pengemar dan membangun reputasi Muse sebagai band dengan penampilan live yang luar biasa. Reputasi ini membawa Muse untuk merilis Hullabaloo Soundtrack, DVD yang berisi penampilan mereka di Le Zenith di Paris,Perancis pada tahun 2001. Lalu secara bersamaan, mereka juga merilis album ganda yang berisi B-side dan rekaman dari penampilan di Le Zenith. Album ganda single A-side juga dirilis, dengan dua lagu baru yaitu "In Your World" dan "Dead Star", yang berbeda dengan gaya opera lagu-lagu lain pada Origin of Symmetry.

Pada edisi Februari 2006 majalah Q Magazine, album Origin of Symmetry berhasil menempati peringkat ke-74 pada daftar 100 album terbaik sepanjang masa menurut penggemar.
[sunting] Personil band

* Matthew Bellamy – vokal, gitar, piano, keyboard, synthesizer
* Christopher Wolstenholme – bass, vokal pendamping, keyboard, synthesizer
* Dominic Howard – drum, perkusi

[sunting] Personil tambahan

Berikut personil tambahan yang sering muncul pada beberapa penampilan konser Muse:

* Morgan Nicholls – keyboard, vokal pendamping, bass, ukulele (2004, 2006 - sekarang)
* Dan "the Trumpet Man" Newell – terompet (2006 - sekarang)

Newell memainkan terompet pada dua penampilan live; "Knights of Cydonia" dan "City of Delusion".

[sunting] Diskografi
Kover album Nama album Tanggal rilis
Museshowbizalbumcover.jpg Showbiz 9 September 1999
Museoriginofsymemtryalbumcover.jpg Origin of Symmetry 18 Juni 2001
Muse Hullabaloo CD.jpg Hullabaloo Soundtrack (CD/DVD live) 1 Juli 2002
Muse - Absolution Cover UK.jpg Absolution 29 September 2003
BHARCOVER.jpg Black Holes & Revelations 3 Juli 2006
Muse - Haarp -album cover-.jpg H.A.A.R.P (CD/DVD live) 14 Maret 2008
Theresistance.jpg The Resistance 14 September 2009
[sunting] Penghargaan
Tahun Penghargaan Kategori Wilayah Keterangan
2000 NME Awards Best New Artist United Kingdom
2001 Kerrang! Awards Best British Band United Kingdom
2002 Kerrang! Awards Best British Live Act United Kingdom
2004 Q Awards Innovation Award United Kingdom
Kerrang! Awards Best Album United Kingdom
Q Awards Best Live Act United Kingdom
MTV EMA Best Alternative Eropa
MTV EMA Best UK & Ireland Act Eropa
2005 BRIT Awards Best Live Act United Kingdom
NME Awards Best Live Act United Kingdom
mtvU Woodie Awards Best International Amerika Serikat
2006 Q Awards Best Live Act[9] United Kingdom
MTV EMA Best Alternative Eropa
Kerrang! Awards Best Live Act[10] United Kingdom
BT Digital Music Awards Best Rock Artist United Kingdom
UK Festival Awards Best Rock Act[11] United Kingdom Untuk Reading and Leeds Festivals 2006
UK Festival Awards Best Headline Act[11] United Kingdom Untuk Reading and Leeds Festivals 2006
Vodafone Live Music Awards Best Live Act[12] United Kingdom
2007 BRIT Awards Best Live Act[13] United Kingdom
NME Awards Best British Band[14] United Kingdom
BT Digital Music Awards Best Rock Artist[15] United Kingdom
Vodafone Live Music Awards Tour of the Year[16] United Kingdom
Q Awards Best Live Act[17] United Kingdom
MTV EMA Headliner[18] Eropa
MTV EMA Best UK & Ireland Act[18] Eropa
mtvU Woodie Awards Best Performing[19] Amerika Serikat
2008 Meteor Music Awards Best International Live Performance[20] Irlandia Untuk Oxegen 2007
NME Awards Best Live Band[21] United Kingdom
MTV Asia Awards Bring Da House Down[22] Asia Untuk Muse Asia Tour 2007
[sunting] Rujukan

1. ^ Muse play supermassive free show. NME News. NME.COM. Diakses pada 27 Januari 2008
2. ^ a b c muse: biography. microcuts.net. Diakses pada 4 Agustus 2007
3. ^ a b "Muse", Kerrang!, 1999, http://www.rocketbabydolls.com/kerrang99.html
4. ^ Muse. Artists. Taste Music. Diakses pada 27 Januari 2008
5. ^ Muse biography. ticketmaster.ie. Diakses pada 2 Mei 2008
6. ^ Muse's Matt Bellamy Talks. Ultimate-Guitar.com.
7. ^ Carlson, Dean Origin of Symmetry - Review. Allmusic. Diakses pada 27 Januari 2008
8. ^ Morton, Roger Origin of Symmetry - Review. NME. Diakses pada 4 Mei 2008
9. ^ THE Q AWARDS 2006 Winners. ilikemusic. Diakses pada 24 Januari 2008
10. ^ Kerrang! Awards 2006 Blog: Best Live Band. Kerrang!. Diakses pada 9 Desember 2007
11. ^ a b UK Festival Awards 2006 - The Winners!. Festival Awards. Diakses pada 9 Desember 2007
12. ^ 2006 Vodaphone Live Music Awards. Vodaphone. Diakses pada 9 Desember 2007
13. ^ The Brit Awards 2007. The Brit Awards. Diakses pada 17 Februari 2008
14. ^ Muse Win Best British Band at Shockwaves NME Awards. NME. Diakses pada 20 September 2007
15. ^ BT Digital Music Awards 2007. BT. Diakses pada 9 Desember 2007
16. ^ The 2007 Vodafone Live Music Awards. Vodafone. Diakses pada 17 Februari 2008
17. ^ Q Awards: Best Live Act 2007. Q. Diakses pada 9 Desember 2007
18. ^ a b Winners. 2007 MTV Europe Music Awards. MTV. Diakses pada 9 Desember 2007
19. ^ Winners. The mtvU Woodie Awards 2007. NME. Diakses pada 17 Februari 2008
20. ^ Stars out for the Meteors. RTÉ. Diakses pada 16 Februari 2008
21. ^ Shockwaves NME Awards 2008: Muse win Best Live Band. NME. Diakses pada 28 Februari 2008
22. ^ 2008 MTV Asia Awards Honors The Best From The East And West. MTV Asia. Diakses pada 4 Agustus 2008

[sunting] Pranala luar

Kamis, 20 Mei 2010

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Call / sms 085720063888

we are garage guitar, a guitar n bass builder with custom technique..located in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia..
if u are having a problem finding the right builder for your own guitar or bass..we are ready to make it real..by making your owm guitar n bass with fines quality from our own hand.
plese contact us by :
e-Mail : garage_guitars@yahoo.com
Phone: +6285720063888 (call / sms )
www.garageguitar.multiply.com

we also having our own brand ” MoenWell” yes, thats we called it..
we create fines quality of our products by selecting best materials for one type products..
so cant wait to see the guitar n bass freak from across the world..

39 pesan dari pembaca..

  1. saiful :

    mencari warwick thumb made in germany or musicman bonggo or stingray maple fretboard made in usa. sila tinggalkan pesanan anda di email cliffsaifull@yahoo.com budget gue RP5000,000.00

  2. Dhie :

    Bos bandung na dipalih mana?

  3. ray :

    Klo gitar yg left hand punya nggak,..klo pesen harganya kira2 brapa bos..

  4. Dany :

    bro q bisa liat alat 2 yang di jual dmn nya y

    sample gambar or apa di web ini dmn yaw…spesifikasi na juga..

    thx

  5. firman :

    .bass akustik ada ngk???

  6. RiZQY NuGraHa :

    bisa liat gtar vendernya g?
    truz dmana tmpatnya?
    cra ambil brangnya?
    cra byarnya cesh or credit?
    lewat pos or lewat langsung or transfer?

  7. andy farhan :

    mas tokonya dimana gw mo ngecat gitar sama bli ampli baru besok

  8. yusuf :

    bos ada gitar les paul ga?

  9. adie prakoso :

    sob..gw liat brng nya dr mna..???

  10. didik the boys :

    mana gambar bassnya BANG……………………………………………..???????…………..????

  11. hary vanzuri :

    boss brapa harga efek guitar
    n gmbrnya mna boss

  12. Gerry :

    Gibson red cherrynya 800 aja boz
    klo ga ibaneznya 650 dilepas

  13. azizi :

    gibson sg red cerry 800rb aja !!
    repp

  14. Wan greeninger :

    Barang tersebut asli gx ör cm jiplax d0ang?

  15. faksi :

    bos ad gtar bass akustik gk?
    plus ad tmpt kursus gtar yg agk murh gk?

  16. InuZuka :

    wee!!!!

    jual efek gak?!!!!!

  17. djuha :

    bro.. alamtnya dimana? gw mau liat yg ibaneznya tuh..

  18. ian :

    kasih gambar donk..,,

  19. boa :

    kang,,nyungkeun alamat na…

  20. arief adi utomo :

    lam kenal bos

  21. arief adi utomo :

    bos minta price list n gambar dong,thanks

  22. yoga :

    gmbar y mna bos

  23. yoga :

    oh ea efex y ada jg g…..?

  24. taufik :

    maaf mas saya tertari dengan penawarannya ??

    tp
    saya g tw ini teh di daerah mana

  25. taufik :

    and saya mw gambarnya?
    bisa nego ga mas
    oy klo bisa
    hub:085221308229

  26. ocke :

    ada gibson yang murah gak…!
    yang kayak punyanya piyu padi…!
    kira kira brapa tuh harganya…!

  27. Dimas :

    Mas klugibson yg modelnya ES-335, brapa harganya??warna lain bnyakgak??bisakirimluar kota kan mas??thanks

  28. guest :

    boss,gitar up-down yg bagus merek IBANEZ berapaan?
    boss tokonya d mna?

  29. Luthfi :

    harga gitar costum yg plng murah brp???

  30. Luthfi :

    plis d’jawab……..

  31. irwansyah :

    bass aqustik berapaan ya harganya ,smpai 2 ikat gak……

  32. Dwiatno Ceylove :

    Boleh liat Bass nya ga, kalo bisa yg accoustik bass. Harga nya ada yg di bawah 500 ga???

  33. aLamathuR :

    dupi di BAndungna palih mana kang? sim kuring peryogi pisan ayeuna teh…

  34. vengeance bayu :

    bisa di anter ga

  35. doddy :

    gitar epiphone custom brp hrganya mas?

  36. alinea :

    Muhun, Bandunna palih mana tah????

  37. JOVAN :

    TOKONYA DI DAERAH MANA

  38. angga :

    Liat gitar acoustik dunk… Brapa harganya??

  39. Luary :

    Wah”wah”wah”

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Gibson Guitar Corporation

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Gibson Guitar Corporation
Type Private
Industry Musical instruments
Founded October 11, 1902 [1]
Founder(s) Orville Gibson
Headquarters Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Area served Global
Key people Orville Gibson, Ted McCarty, Les Paul, Seth Lover
Subsidiaries Aeolian, Baldwin, Chickering, Electar, Epiphone, Garrison, Gibson Amphitheatre, Hamilton, Kramer, Maestro, MaGIC, Slingerland, Steinberger, Tobias, Valley Arts Guitar, Wurlitzer
Website Gibson.com

The Gibson Guitar Corporation, of Nashville, Tennessee, USA, is a manufacturer of acoustic and electric guitars. Gibson also owns and makes guitars under such brands as Epiphone, Kramer, Valley Arts, Tobias, Steinberger, and Kalamazoo. In addition to guitars, the company makes pianos through its Baldwin unit, Slingerland drums, as well as many accessory items. Company founder Orville Gibson made mandolins in Kalamazoo, Michigan, in the late 1890s. He invented archtop guitars by using the same type of carved, arched tops found on violins. By the 1930s, the company was also making flattop acoustic guitars, as well as one of the first commercially available hollow-body electric guitars, which were used and popularized by Charlie Christian. In the early 1950s, Gibson introduced its first solid-body electric guitar and its most popular guitar to date—the Les Paul. After being bought by the Norlin corporation in the late 1960s Gibson's quality and fortunes took a steep decline until early 1986, when the company was rescued by its present owners. Gibson Guitar is a privately held corporation (company stock is not publicly traded on a stock exchange), owned by chief executive officer Henry Juszkiewicz and president David H. (Dave) Berryman.

Contents

[hide]

[edit] History

Orville Gibson (born 1856, Chateaugay, New York) started making mandolins in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. The mandolins were distinctive in that they featured a carved, arched solid wood top and back and bent wood sides. Prior to this, mandolins had a flat solid wood top and a bowl-like back (similar to a lute) made of multiple strips of wood. These bowl-back mandolins were very fragile and unstable. Disdainful of the shape, Orville Gibson characterized them as "potato bugs". Gibson's innovation made a distinctive, darker-sounding mandolin that was easier to manufacture in large numbers. Orville Gibson's mandolin design, with its single-pieced carved sides and a single-pieced neck, was patented in 1898; it would be the only innovation he patented. Orville Gibson died in 1918 of endocarditis (inflammation of the inside lining of the heart chambers and valves).[2]

[edit] 1902–1950

In 1880 Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Mfg. Co, Ltd. was incorporated to market the instruments. Initially, the company produced only Orville Gibson's original designs. Aware of changing trends, the company hired designer Lloyd Loar in 1919 to create newer instruments. During the 1920s Gibson was responsible for many innovations in guitar and mandolin design. In 1922, the Gibson F5 mandolin model was introduced. That particular model later became known as the ultimate bluegrass mandolin. Gibson soon became the leading manufacturer of archtop guitars, particularly the L-5 model, also a Loar design. Loar left the company in 1924.[3]

In the 1930s, Gibson began exploring the concept of an electric guitar. In 1936 they introduced their first "Electric Spanish" model, the ES-150. Other companies were producing electric guitars but the Gibson is generally recognized as the first commercially successful electric guitar. Other instruments were also "electrified"; such as steel guitars, banjos and mandolins.

During World War II, instrument manufacturing basically stopped at Gibson due to shortages of wood and metal. Only a few instruments were made with whatever parts were at hand. Gibson did war production instead, making wood parts for various military needs. Such shortages continued for a few years after the war and the only notable change occurred in 1946 when the Gibson name on the instrument headstock changed from a cursive script to the block style used to this day. This is seen at the head of the information block at top.

The ES-175 was introduced in 1949. The model has seen some variations over the years but it is still in production.

1996 Gibson Les Paul Studio Limited Edition Gem Series Topaz

[edit] Gibson and Ted McCarty

In 1948, Gibson hired music industry veteran, Ted McCarty. He was promoted to company president in 1950. During his tenure (1950–1966), Gibson greatly expanded and diversified its line of instruments. The first notable addition was the "Les Paul" guitar. McCarty was well aware of the strong sales of the Fender Telecaster. In 1950, Gibson decided to make a solid-body guitar of its own according to its own design philosophy . This, despite the fact many other guitar manufacturers were contemptuous of the concept of a solid-body guitar. Designed by the guitarist Les Paul, the first solid body guitar, called the "Les Paul", was released in 1952. The "Les Paul" was offered in several models, including the Custom, the Standard, the Special and the Junior.[4]

In the mid-50s, the Thinline series was produced. Many guitarists did not like the bulk of a full size archtop and wanted a thinner guitar. The first to be produced was the Byrdland. The first Byrdlands were slim, custom built, L-5 models for guitarists Billy Byrd and Hank Garland. Later, a shorter neck was added. Other guitarists who tried Gibson samples liked the idea and the model went into production. Other models such as the ES-350T and the ES-225T were introduced as less costly alternatives.[5]

In 1958, Gibson introduced the ES-335T model. Similar in size to the hollow-body Thinlines, the ES-335 family had a solid center giving the string tone a longer sustain.

In the late 50s, McCarty was aware the Gibson was perceived as a "conservative" company, generally making traditionally shaped instruments. He decided to change that. In 1958, Gibson produced two new designs; the eccentrically-shaped Explorer and Flying V. Surprisingly, these "modernistic" guitars did not sell initially. It was only in the late 60s and early 70s when the two guitars were reintroduced to the market that they sold very well. The Firebird, in the early 60s, was a reprise of the modernistic idea; though less extreme.

In the 1950s, Gibson also produced the Tune-o-matic bridge system and its version of the humbucking pickup.

In 1961 the body design of the "Les Paul" was changed, due to the demand for a double-cutaway body design.[6] Les Paul did not care for the new body style and let his endorsement lapse, and the new body design then became known as the SG (for "solid guitar"). The "Les Paul" returned to the Gibson catalogue in 1968 due to the influence of players such as Keith Richards, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, and Peter Green. Both the "bombs" "Les Paul" and the SG later became very popular with Southern Rock, hard rock and heavy metal guitarists; Gary Rossington of Lynyrd Skynyrd, Jimmy Page of Led Zeppelin, Jeff Beck with the Jeff Beck Group and solo in the 1970s, the twin-lead line-up of Scott Gorham and Brian Robertson of Thin Lizzy, Duane Allman, Slash of Guns N' Roses and Velvet Revolver and Ace Frehley of Kiss are known for their preference for a Les Paul. Pete Townshend of The Who, Angus Young of AC/DC, Frank Zappa of Mothers of Invention, Adrian Smith of Iron Maiden, Robby Krieger of The Doors, Tony Iommi of Black Sabbath, Gary Rossington of Lynyrd Skynyrd known also for his SG in Free Bird and Joe Solo are some of the better-known SG players.

[edit] The 70s to today

Between 1974 and 1984 production of Gibson guitars was shifted from Kalamazoo to Nashville, Tennessee. The Gibson Guitar Corp. was within three months of going out of business before it was bought by Henry E. Juszkiewicz, David H. Berryman, and Gary A. Zebrowski in January 1986.[7] The survival and success of Gibson today is largely attributed to this change in ownership. Currently, Juszkiewicz stands as CEO and Berryman as president of the company. More recently new production plants have been opened in Southern and rural areas, such as Memphis, Tennessee as well as Bozeman, Montana. The Memphis facility is used for semi-hollow and custom shop instruments, while the Bozeman facility is dedicated to acoustic instruments.

In 1994, Gibson CEO Henry Juszkiewicz first heard about the SmartWood program while attending the Rainforest Alliance’s annual gala concert. He reasoned that, by establishing relationships with environmentally farsighted operations, Gibson could secure a sustainable timber supply, thereby ensuring its guitar building future.

Four years later (1998), Gibson had revealed the fruits of those relationships with the Les Paul SmartWood Exotics[8]. The new line consisted of six guitars featuring tops fashioned from unusual, "smartly" harvested tropical woods. Each guitar listed for $1299 new, and in the spirit of philanthropy, Gibson donated a portion of the profits from the SmartWood guitar sales to the Rainforest Alliance.

Today, one model of Gibson guitars (Robot Guitar) can tune itself in less than 10 seconds using robotic technology developed by Gibson and Tronical GmbH.[9][10] While the product was advertised in the American—United States—popular press as a "world's first" similar—some external—systems have been in use for decades for example to tune guitars made by Fender Musical Instruments Corporation and Washburn Guitars.[citation needed]

Since 2007 the Gibson Guitar Corporation has teamed up with Music Saves Lives and donated several guitars to be designed by various artists (Mike Onclay, Ryan Seaman, Cory Burke, Josh Kenyon, Colby Nichols, Andrew Holder, Sara Antoinette Martin), signed by bands (Bad Religion, Pennywise, Coheed and Cambria, Reel Big Fish, NoFx, Bouncing Souls, Thrice, Katy Perry, Meg and Dia, Jack's Mannequin) and then auctioned off to support the non-profit.

In mid 2009 after multiple layoffs that reduced Gibson's workforce by nearly 20% [11], rumors swirled around the music industry that Peavey was in talks to buy Gibson[12]. The rumors have since been denied by Henry Juszkiewicz,[13] but Gibson continues to be affected by the 2009 economic downturn, as well as customer complaints[14], many questionable business practices, and failures of many new models including the Darkfire[15], Reverse V, and many others.

In January 2010, Gibson released the Keb' Mo' Bluesmaster acoustic-electric guitar in honor of the 3-time Grammy winner.[16]

[edit] Subsidiary companies

A Gibson Invader. The Invader was manufactured during the 1980's and is now discontinued.

Many other instrument manufacturers are owned by Gibson including Kramer, Steinberger, Tobias and Valley Arts Guitar.[17] It is now a brand used by Gibson-Baldwin Musical Education, which sells various student guitars under different brand names. In 2007, Gibson purchased Canadian guitar manufacturer Garrison Guitars;[18] as of 2009, the acoustic guitars from the Gibson Songmaker Series are manufactured in the old Garrison plant in St. John's, Newfoundland.[19]

[edit] Heritage Guitars

Another related company is Heritage Guitars—an independent guitar company founded by former Gibson employees after Gibson's relocation from Kalamazoo to Nashville. The company set up their factory in Gibson's former Kalamazoo premises, and manufactures handmade guitars that are very similar to the Gibson originals.

[edit] Unauthorized copies

On multiple occasions, Gibson has sought legal action against other guitar manufacturers who implement similar body styles in their designs. The first such action was against Hoshino/Elger (Ibanez), which had fabricated near-identical (in looks) copies of the Les Paul. This 1977 lawsuit was not over Ibanez's copy of the Les Paul's body shape, but instead for their use of Gibson's 'open book' headstock shape (even though Ibanez had redesigned their headstock to be a near-identical copy of a Guild headstock in 1976).

In 2000, Gibson took the Fernandes [20] guitar company to the Tokyo High Court for allegedly copying Gibson designs. Gibson did not prevail in the case. Gibson also sued PRS Guitars, forcing them to stop making their Singlecut model, which is much less similar to the Les Paul in appearance. The lawsuit against PRS was unsuccessful, however. In 2005, the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit reversed the lower court decision and ordered the dismissal of Gibson's suit against PRS. The decision also immediately vacated the injunction prohibiting the sale and production of PRS’s Singlecut Guitar. Paul Reed Smith Guitars announced that it would immediately resume production of its Singlecut guitars. Guild is another brand that made copies of Gibsons.

Aside from the above-mentioned companies, there have been countless others producing unofficial Les Paul copies, including among others Tokai, Stellar and Myaxe. Forgeries can generally be identified quite easily upon close inspection. The most prominent identifier pertaining to some Chinese Gibson Les Paul forgeries is in the truss rod cover being affixed to the headstock of the forged guitar with three screws whereas an authentic Gibson guitar employs two.

[edit] Authorized Gibson Designs

On May 10, 1957 Gibson purchased the Epiphone guitar company which at the time was one of their main competitors. The original plan was to continue selling Epiphone's successful upright bass, but soon after Gibson realized they could satisfy requests from music stores by producing Epiphone branded guitars.[21] From the early 1970s the Epiphone brand name has used Epiphone and Gibson designs and has been increasingly used by Gibson for lower priced guitars manufactured in countries other than the United States. Epiphone guitars have been made in the US, Japan, Korea, Indonesia and China. Orville by Gibson was another Gibson authorized brand of guitars that used Gibson designs and were made and sold only in Japan.

[edit] Bluegrass

Gibson Showcase, Opry Mills Mall. Nashville, TN

All of Gibson's American made bluegrass instruments (such as the banjo, mandolin and the Dobro) are manufactured at the "Gibson Showcase" at Opry Mills Mall in Nashville; production is overseen by master luthier David Harvey. The factory is open to the public and also houses a store selling the full line of Gibson products.

[edit] Gibson serial numbers

In 1977, Gibson standardized the serial number system that is still in use today. An eight digit (or 9 digit after July 2005) number on the back shows the date on which the instrument was produced, where it was produced and its order of production that day (e.g. first instrument stamped that day, second, third, fourth etc). The serial numbers are deciphered using the following system:

YYDDDRRR

YY is the production year

DDD is the day of the year the guitar was stamped

RRR is the production order/plant designation number

Production order/plant designation numbers numbers are as follows:

001-499 Kalamazoo, Michigan (1975-1984)

500-999 Nashville, Tennessee (1975-1990)

001-299 Bozeman, Montana (after 1989)

300-999 Nashville, Tennessee (after 1990)

For example, the serial number 90992487 means that the instrument was produced on the 99th day of 1992 (Wednesday 8 April) in Nashville, TN and that it was the 487th instrument stamped that day.

In July 2005 Gibson introduced a 9 digit serial number system. The system is largely the same as the 8 digit system used before, however the 6th digit now represents the batch number. The first 5 and last 3 digits remain the same.

An exception is the year 1994, Gibson's Centennial Year: Many 1994 serial numbers start with "94", followed by a 6-digit production number.

[edit] Instruments

[edit] Electric guitars

Gibson is especially well known for their electric guitars—solidbody models like the Les Paul, the SG, the Flying V, the Explorer and the Firebird; hollowbody models like the ES-175 and the "bomb" ES-335; as well as high-end archtops such as the L-5 and the Citation.

[edit] Acoustic guitars

Gibson's acoustic guitars are widely celebrated around the world and used by many professional musicians; among them are the J-200, the J-45, the Hummingbird, the Dove, and the L-00.

[edit] Bass guitars

Despite being such a revered six-string guitar manufacturer, Gibson has had much success from their line of bass models such the Thunderbird (based on the Firebird), the EB-0 and EB-3 (based on the SG), the Ripper, and the Grabber, both first manufactured in the 1970s.

[edit] Artists who use Gibson instruments


[edit] Recent criticism and controversy

In recent years, there have been outcries from former employees regarding CEO Juszkiewicz and his management methods,[22] as well as customer complaints regarding poor quality of brand new instruments, including Gibson's newest models, Dark Fire and Dusk Tiger. [23] There is a significant "underground" consensus that the general tone of discontent within the company could be affecting the quality of the product.[citation needed]

[edit] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Raid

The Nashville-based guitar manufacturer is being investigated for violating the Lacey Act, a key piece of environmental law, for importing endangered species of rosewood from Madagascar lemur preserves. On November 17, 2009 federal authorities seized an unknown quantity of alleged endangered and illegal rare wood purchased by Gibson which was stored at the company's factory. [24] Until the investigation has been concluded, Henry E. Juszkiewicz, CEO and Chairman of Gibson Guitar Corporation, has taken a leave of absence as a board member of the Rainforest Alliance. The Rainforest Alliance has issued an official statement on the matter.[25]

However, according to later updates, no arrests have been made. Authorities were unable to confirm whether any items from Gibson's plant were seized.[citation needed]

[edit] References

  1. ^ Happy 100th, Gibson Company. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
  2. ^ http://www.siminoff.net/pages/gibson_background.html
  3. ^ Wheeler, Tom. American Guitars. HarperCollins. 1992.pp 100-1 ISBN 0-06-273154-8
  4. ^ Hembry, Gil;Gibson Guitars: Ted McCarty's Golden Era 1948-1966; GH Books; Austin, TX; 2007. p 74-85.
  5. ^ Duchossoir, Andre. Gibson Electrics:The Classic Years. Hal Leonard Corp. 1998 pp 55-62
  6. ^ Hembry, Gil;Gibson Guitars: Ted McCarty's Golden Era 1948-1966; GH Books; Austin, TX; 2007. p 110.
  7. ^ Hembry, Gil;Gibson Guitars: Ted McCarty's Golden Era 1948-1966; GH Books; Austin, TX; 2007. p 306.
  8. ^ Les Paul SmartWood Exotics
  9. ^ Reader, Ruth (29 January 2008). "Gibson Guitar Releases New Self-Tuning Guitar". VOA News (Voice of America). http://voanews.com/english/archive/2008-01/2008-01-29-voa39.cfm. Retrieved 2 January 2009.
  10. ^ Yuri Kageyama (The Associated Press) (December 3, 2007). "World's first robot guitar takes care of the tuning". Seattle Times. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2004051225_guitar04.html. Retrieved 2007-12-04.
  11. ^ http://www.nashvillepost.com/news/2009/3/23/sources_gibson_adds_to_layoff_tally
  12. ^ http://www.solidcables.com/wordpress/?p=67
  13. ^ http://www.mi-pro.co.uk/news/30563/Henry-Juszkiewicz-responds
  14. ^ http://www.bbb.org/nashville/business-reviews/wholesale-musical-instrument-manufacturers/gibson-guitar-corporation-in-nashville-tn-12398
  15. ^ http://www.guitarvibe.com/2009/01/gibson-dark-fire-software-glitch.html
  16. ^ Fretbase, Gibson Releases Keb' Mo' Bluesmaster Acoustic-Electric Guitar
  17. ^ Gibson Family of products
  18. ^ [1]
  19. ^ [2]
  20. ^ http://www.law.northwestern.edu/journals/njtip/v4/n2/5/Port.pdf
  21. ^ Gibson Guitars 100 years of an American Icon, Walter Carter
  22. ^ http://www.gearwire.com/gibson-lowestrankedemployer.html
  23. ^ http://www.guitarvibe.com/2009/01/gibson-dark-fire-software-glitch.html
  24. ^ http://www.nashvillepost.com/news/2009/11/17/gibson_guitars_raided_by_fbi
  25. ^ Statement in Response to the United States Fish & Wildlife Service's Investigation of Gibson Guitar Corporation. Rainforest Alliance.